Our hair, as a derivative of the skin, has a relatively complex multilayer structure, each essential component for maintaining the health, strength and appearance of the whole hair.And each component of the whole structure can be damaged for certain reasons, which leads to completely different violations.
Our hair, as a derivative of the skin, has a relatively complex multilayer structure, each essential component for maintaining the health, strength and appearance of the whole hair.And each component of the general structure can be damaged by certain causes, leading to completely different violations.Therefore, to fight these disorders and restore damaged hair structure should also be different.
What hair is made?
To get started, I must say that all the hair can be divided into two parts: 1. Outdoor, long, visible and called hair shaft.2. Inner, very small, located on the skin and hair roots.
The most noticeable difference between the two parts of the hair is that the rod is made up of keratinized (keratinized) cells.And the living cells that can grow and grow are located only at the root, in the hair bulb.There they, sharing in the activity phase, extending the hair, as if "building" from the bottom.
This fact follows a very important consequence: if the hair rod structure is damaged, any cosmetics with the effects of nutrients will be in vain.After all, there is nothing to nourish on the trunk, as it consists of dead cells where all the "magic recovery components" of shampoo, masks and other things cannot interact.Another thing is that such cosmetics will definitely have a good effect on the hair roots, which is not a nutritional supplement.
In this small example, it is clear that to choose the right one means to restore the hair structure, you must first consider the part of their damaged component.
The outer shell of the hair
It is also called cuticle.It consists of many small cells, which usually overlaps each other with one advantage, resembling roof tile or fish tile coating.The main function of the cuticle is the protector.Its keratin scale, tightly adjusts one to another, prevents the loss of moisture with the inner layer of the hair shaft, which allows it to remain flexible and durable throughout the whole.
In addition, the cuticle cells are covered with fat grease, which falls on it from the sebum gland located next to the onion.The secret of this fat skin is needed to avoid giving the keratin scale to move from each other, that is, in fact, it plays a role in glue.The second function is the creation of a thin lipid layer on the surface of the hair rod.This layer provides hair with some protection against pollution, aggressive chemical impurities in the atmosphere, sharp temperature differences and poor environmental factors.Finally, fat lubricants include several compounds with antiseptic effects, which face hair damage to pathogenic microorganisms.
Damage to the cuticle is indicated primarily by the fact that these keratin cells are dissolved and lowered just like how cooked pine lumps are lowered.This immediately leads to a better loss of moisture than the inner layer of the hair shaft.In addition, they are open to the negative effects of various chemical and physical agents.The first symptom that looks like it is:
- Increased fragile hair;
- their research;
- increased sensitivity to static electricity;
The middle layer of the hair
Under the outer coating of the hair is a cortex.This is the name of the keratinized tissue, which is built from the dead cell of the oval shape.Their main function is the formation of the frame, which ensures the strength and elasticity of the hair rod.In addition, it is in the cells of the melanin cortex - a pigment that gives the hair color.It also goes into the cortex in the hair follicles and the larger the concentration, the darker the shade of your hair.
Damage to the middle skin of the hair almost always occurs after its external protection is destroyed - cuticle.First of all, the violation of the cortex structure will be associated with loss of moisture - the hair becomes dry and suddenly losing its strength.And this appearance manifestation will be famous and hated by all :) middle end.What is common to call this term is just a cortex, which, which loses the external protective shell, is dry and develops into two or more parts of the longitudinal direction.
In addition, the dye particles that change the color of the hair during the painting are also built into this rod layer.To do this, with chemical interactions, they lift the cells of the cuticle protective layer.And here is a stick on two edges:
- On the one hand, artificial pigments are widely washed from damaged cortex, which makes a woman more frequently using hairdressing services in the cabin;
- On the other hand, cosmetic effects such as the hairstyle themselves do not pass without trace and the question of how to restore hair structure after dyeing, whitening, lighting and chemical at home is reserved for many research, as well as articles on our website.
The inside of the hair
The deepest part of the hair rod structure is a cut brain.It is made of dead keratin cells, but, unlike cortex and cuticle, these cells are relatively soft and have an irregular polygonal shape.There is also a large number of air cavities in the brain material.
The functional purpose of the middle of the rod still leads to discussions in the scientific community.It is believed that the air in this pocket plays a role in the insulation, helping to maintain a constant temperature on the scalp.In addition, some trickologists suggest that some compounds can spread according to the brain from the skin to the end of the hair.This describes the rapid deterioration of hair appearance, for example, with certain types of intoxication.
What to do if the cortex is damaged?
In the hair shaft structure, this layer has maximum thickness, you can also say that hair is made mainly of the cortex.Therefore, if the damage has occurred so far, it is not possible to take very effective steps.Temporary solution to restore hair structure - a silicone -based product described above.Unfortunately, the effect will be shorter than in the case of a discarded cuticle scale.Yes, they will be able to destroy the ends, but due to the strength, elasticity and shape of the oval cell that forms the cortex, such as "gluing" will not last long.
The best option will be a decisive change in hairstyles.Therefore, you are guaranteed to get rid of the split hair and start to calm down, healthier and more intact.In this case, special attention should be paid to high moisture and hair root nutrition.
And if the brain is damaged?
In this case, most likely, there is nothing to restore.If the damage to the hair stick reaches the central brain, the core, then the hair is almost guaranteed to be broken.Therefore, here, the most reasonable approach will get rid of it by cutting.
This way, for the haircut, it will be the most right to contact the salon to a professional hairdresser.She will be able to shorten your hairstyle with special scissors with a heating blade and maintain high temperatures during operation.Such techniques allow you to maintain the structure and intact, closer to the root, part of the hair shaft and possible.The hot metal of the blade, like,, the "seal" of the cuticle on the cut, which significantly reduces moisture loss with the cortex and the probability of detachment of the external keratinized cells in the cut area.
The inside of the hair structure is the root of the hair
The roots of the hair are surrounded by capsules, including thin blood vessels, supplying it with oxygen and nutrients.All of these education in the complex are called onions, or hair follicles.In addition, muscle fibers, as well as sebum glands, the channel opened into the bulb in front of its mouth, next to it.It should always be remembered that damage to the hair structure is rarely selective that they only affect the stems, leaving the roots unchanged.Therefore, regeneration should be complex - only in this case the most positive results can be achieved.
Moreover, cosmetologists think that with such a procedure, it is precisely the effect of hair follicles that should be given the most attention.And choosing, for example, how to restore dry hair structure, moisturizing and nutrition should be given more time than attempts to restore fluid balance in the rod.The logic of this advice is simple: the outer part of the hair is dead cells and how to supply it with moisture, with a damaged outer layer for a long time, they will still not keep it.But the root is a living cloth responsible for the formation of a healthy new stem, simultaneously flowing with sufficient amount of water.
What can damage the hair follicle structure?
- Vitamin deficiency and/or trace elements.First of all, these are vitamins such as, A (retinol), B1 (thiamine), B7 (biotin), C (ascorbic acid) and K (phyllokhinon).And from microelements, calcium deficiency, copper, zinc, selenium and silicone are very dangerous.
- Lack of moisture.Water falls into our skin later than all other organs.Therefore, if it suddenly disappears, then first, only the skin and hair will suffer this, like its derivatives.
- Dietary disorders.These include excess fried, fatty and spicy foods, sweet and flour.Hair follicles, dairy products, nuts, legumes, vegetables, fruits, diet and fish will help support hair follicles.
- Crust error.Here you can list many violations caused by improper dye and place hair that damages the brush and some cosmetic procedures.
- Bad habits, chronic psycho stress, sleep violations and awake.
- Anemia, parasitic infections, digestive system diseases, internal secretion glands, reproductive organs and other chronic pathology.
- Low temperatures in winter, aggressive ultraviolet radiation, heat and dry winds in the summer, chemicals in industrial megacities atmosphere and other negative environmental factors.
Professional cosmetics
This includes especially shampoo, which must be selected according to your hair type.They should include specialized care components such as aromatic oils, softening materials (lanolin, panthenol), and others are required to use "professional moisturizers" - spray, serum, fluid and other oils for nutrition and moisturizers will also be effective, but they are not recommended too often.Although less frequently (no more than 1 time a week), thick active masks should be used for hair roots - their components have a strong effect so that with excessive use, they can even exacerbate hairstyles.
Home method
Such cosmetics are usually ineffective as professional, but the cost is less, and you can cook it at any time.Such tools include a variety of home masks, as well as medicinal plant decoctions.
Pharmacological medication
When restoring the hair root structure, medicines that improve blood circulation in the follicles will help:
- stimulation of peripheral blood flow;
- Antispasmodic (nitrites and nitrate, isokhinolin derivatives, purine and gasimidazole, complex esters of carbon acid, etc.);
- Vasodilators (first of all - Minoxidil, as the most positive drugs are proven in tricological practice).
Physiotherapy method
Of these, the most effective is:
- acupuncture;
- ultraviolet irradiation;
- electrodermatimulation;
- Scalp massage.
Hardware technique
This is a relatively new direction in beauty science, which today is only actively used in professional salons and cosmetics clinics, as it requires expensive high equipment.Such methods include:
- laser influence in which hair growth stimulates coherent light;
- Plasmotherapy - injection in the patient's own blood scalp, enriched with platelets;
- Mesotherapy - subcutaneous administration of "cocktails" from biological active ingredients;
- Ozonotherapy - local oxygen supply in the form of injections;
- Cryomassage is a cold effect that causes the strengthening of blood circulation reflexes on the skin.